Not until 1867 was suffrage extended in England, and it took about 80 years to realize the full program of the Charter of 1838. Chartism revived briefly in 1848, but in general, British working people turned from political agitation to the forming and strengthening labor unions by which they could deal directly with employers without having to appeal to the government. The movement did however create the Mines Act and the Ten Hours Act which alleviated the distress of industrial workers and kept alive a degree of confidence in the future of the economic system. The movement began to die down in the face of firm opposition by the government and the business classes and was weakened by mutual fears and disagreements among its own supporters. In 1842, it was submitted again and this time it was signed by even more (3 million) yet it was still rejected. A petition containing these principles was submitted to the House of Commons and many Chartists became violent or revolutionary. (6) the payment of salaries to the elected members of Parliament so that people of small means might serve. It called for (5) the abolition of property qualifications for membership in the House of Commons, which perpetuated the old idea that Parliament should be composed of gentleman of independent income, and urged instead (2) universal suffrage for all adult males, through (1) the annual election of the House of Commons by All could agree that the first step toward social reform must be to win working-class representation in Parliament. only a few Chartists were clearly socialists in their own minds, but all were anti capitalist. It was far more of a mass movement than the French socialism of the day.
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